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Citation Information
Lung Cancer. 2015 Oct;90(1):92-7. doi: 10.1016/j.lungcan.2015.07.005. Epub 2015 Jul 19.
Breath carbonyl compounds as biomarkers of lung cancer.
Li M, Yang D, Brock G, Knipp RJ, Bousamra M, Nantz MH, Fu XA.
Analytical methods | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Comparative study | #1 | #2 | #3 | |
| Chromatography | DI | DI | DI | |
| Ion source | nano-ESI | nano-ESI | nano-ESI | |
| Positive/Negative mode | – | – | – | |
| Mass analyzer | LTQ-FT-ICR | LTQ-FT-ICR | LTQ-FT-ICR | |
| Identification level | MS/MS | MS/MS | MS/MS | |
Sample information | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Comparative study | #1 | #2 | #3 | |
| Country | US | US | US | |
| Specimen | exhaled breath | exhaled breath | exhaled breath | |
| Marker function | diagnosis | diagnosis | diagnosis | |
| Participants(Case) | Cancer type | lung cancer | lung cancer | lung cancer |
| Stage | I, II, III, IV | I, II, III, IV | I, II, III, IV | |
| Number | 85 | 85 | 85 | |
| Gender (M,F) | 46, 39 | 46, 39 | 46, 39 | |
| Mean age (range) (M,F) | 66.12 ± 10.1 | 66.12 ± 10.1 | 66.12 ± 10.1 | |
| Smoking status | former, current, non-smoker | former, current, non-smoker | former, current, non-smoker | |
| Participants(Control) | Type | healthy | healthy | healthy |
| Number | 85 | 45 | 40 | |
| Gender (M,F) | 43, 42 | – | – | |
| Mean age (range) (M,F) | 42.15 ± 14.2 | – | – | |
| Smoking status | current, non-smoker | current | non-smoker | |
Data processing and metabolite identification | |
|---|---|
| Data processing software | – |
| Database search | – |
Statistical analysis | |
|---|---|
| Differential analysis method | Kruskal-Wallis test |
| Classification method | ROC curve |
| Survival analysis method | – |
Lung cancer-related metabolites identified in the paper
| Metabolite | Author-emphasized biomarkers | Mean concentration (case) | Mean concentration (control) | Fold change (case/control) | P-value | FDR | VIP |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2-butanone | V | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| 2-butanone | V | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| 2-butanone | V | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| 3-hydroxy-2-butanone | V | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| 3-hydroxy-2-butanone | V | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| 3-hydroxy-2-butanone | V | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| 4-hydroxy-2-hexenal | V | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| 4-hydroxy-2-hexenal | V | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| 4-hydroxy-2-hexenal | V | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal | V | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal | V | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal | V | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| acetaldehyde | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| acetaldehyde | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| acetaldehyde | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| acrolein | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| acrolein | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| acrolein | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| hydroxyacetaldehyde | V | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| hydroxyacetaldehyde | V | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| hydroxyacetaldehyde | V | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| malondialdehyde | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| malondialdehyde | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| malondialdehyde | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| Metabolite | Author-emphasized biomarkers | Cutoff value | AUROC (95%CI) | Sensitivity (%) | Specificity (%) | Accuracy (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2-butanone | V | 2.36 | 0.901 | – | – | – |
| 2-butanone | V | 2.365 | 0.931 | – | – | – |
| 2-butanone | V | 2.255 | 0.934 | – | – | – |
| 3-hydroxy-2-butanone | V | 0.1695 | 0.821 | – | – | – |
| 3-hydroxy-2-butanone | V | 0.1695 | 0.946 | – | – | – |
| 3-hydroxy-2-butanone | V | 0.1595 | 0.962 | – | – | – |
| 4-hydroxy-2-hexenal | V | 0.0073 | 0.694 | – | – | – |
| 4-hydroxy-2-hexenal | V | 0.00734 | 0.728 | – | – | – |
| 4-hydroxy-2-hexenal | V | 0.00672 | 0.771 | – | – | – |
| 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal | V | 0.00175 | 0.696 | – | – | – |
| 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal | V | 0.000285 | 0.826 | – | – | – |
| 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal | V | 0.000255 | 0.842 | – | – | – |
| acetaldehyde | – | – | 0.538 | – | – | – |
| acetaldehyde | – | – | 0.572 | – | – | – |
| acetaldehyde | – | – | 0.766 | – | – | – |
| acrolein | – | – | 0.625 | – | – | – |
| acrolein | – | – | 0.598 | – | – | – |
| acrolein | – | – | 0.69 | – | – | – |
| hydroxyacetaldehyde | V | 0.357 | 0.793 | – | – | – |
| hydroxyacetaldehyde | V | 0.3575 | 0.82 | – | – | – |
| hydroxyacetaldehyde | V | 0.3875 | 0.753 | – | – | – |
| malondialdehyde | – | – | 0.66 | – | – | – |
| malondialdehyde | – | – | 0.672 | – | – | – |
| malondialdehyde | – | – | 0.764 | – | – | – |
Paper graphical summary
